Meaning and definitions of economics

JAMB Economics Revision Notes

  • Definition and Scope of Economics
  • 2 min read
  • Checked by imtiaz ahmed

What economics is, the classic definitions (Adam Smith, Mill, Marshall, Pigou and Robbins), economics as a science and a social science, micro- and macroeconomics, positive and normative statements, and why the subject is worth studying.

In these notes
  1. What economics is about
  2. The classic definitions
  3. Why Robbins's definition is preferred
  4. A science and a social science
  5. Branches and kinds of statement
  6. Why study economics

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All Economics notes
  1. Definition and Scope of Economics
    1. Meaning and definitions of economics
    2. Scarcity, choice and opportunity cost
    3. Production possibility curve
    4. Economic activities and channels of distribution
    5. Basic economic problems of society
  2. Factors of Production
    1. Types of production
    2. Land
    3. Labour and its efficiency
    4. Capital and capital formation
    5. Entrepreneurship
  3. Economic Systems
    1. Capitalism
    2. Socialism
    3. Mixed economy
  4. Basic Tools of Economic Analysis
    1. Tables, graphs and charts
    2. Measures of central tendency
    3. Measures of dispersion
  5. Demand
    1. The law of demand
    2. Types of demand
    3. Changes in demand
    4. Elasticity of demand
  6. Supply
    1. The law of supply
    2. Changes in supply
    3. Elasticity of supply
  7. Theory of Consumer Behaviour
    1. Utility and diminishing marginal utility
    2. Consumer equilibrium
    3. Indifference curves and the budget line
    4. Consumer surplus and consumer sovereignty
  8. Theory of Price Determination
    1. Markets and equilibrium price
    2. Effects of changes in demand and supply
    3. Price control and rationing
    4. The price system
  9. Theory of Production
    1. Division of labour and specialisation
    2. Scale of production
    3. Size and growth of firms
    4. Diminishing returns and returns to scale
  10. Theory of costs and revenue
    1. Cost concepts and cost curves
    2. Revenue concepts and profit maximisation
  11. Market structures
    1. Perfect competition
    2. Monopoly
    3. Monopolistic competition and oligopoly
  12. National income
    1. National income concepts and measurement
    2. Consumption, saving, investment and the multiplier
  13. Money and inflation
    1. Money: functions, demand and supply
    2. Value of money, inflation and deflation
  14. Financial institutions
    1. Central bank and monetary policy
    2. Commercial banks and credit creation
    3. Money market, capital market and other financial institutions
  15. Public finance
    1. Taxation
    2. Public expenditure, budgets and public debt
  16. Economic growth and development
    1. Growth, development and underdevelopment
    2. Development planning
  17. Agriculture in Nigeria
    1. Agriculture in the Nigerian economy
    2. Agricultural policies, marketing and price instability
  18. Industry and industrialization
    1. Location and localisation of industry
    2. Industrialisation in Nigeria
  19. Natural resources and the Nigerian economy
    1. Petroleum and the Nigerian economy
    2. Solid minerals and other natural resources
  20. Business organizations
    1. Types of private business organisations
    2. Public enterprises, privatisation and commercialisation
  21. Population
    1. Population theories and growth
    2. Population structure, census and migration
  22. International trade
    1. Comparative advantage and terms of trade
    2. Balance of payments
    3. Exchange rates and trade policy
  23. International economic organizations
    1. Regional economic organisations
    2. International economic institutions

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